Pengaruh penambahan fungisida pada bahan pencuci serta suhu penyimpanan terhadap peningkatan kualitas Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Gedong

Abstract

Mango sap is acidic and contain oil and sugar that attracts fungi infection that induce damage to the fruit, such as fruit rot and anthracnose infection. Previous research demonstrated that mango washer able to clean the sap but did not able to delay the occurrence of fruit rot. Therefore, fungicides were added in the washing material in the present study in order to delay the occurrence of fruit rot and anthracnose infection. Objective of present study was to obtain the best washing material composition, fungicide, and storage temperature in order to delay the occurrence of fruit rot and anthracnose infection in mango cv. Gedong. Research was conducted in Girinata Village, Cirebon and Postharvest Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University from December 2014 to January 2015. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete design with two factors, named the combination of washing material and storage temperature. The first factor consists of 5 treatment, i.e., control (not washed), detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5%, detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + benomyl fungicide 0.025%, detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + azoxystrobin fungicide 0.025%, and detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + fludioxonil fungicide 0.025%. The second factor was 4 levels of temperature, i.e., room temperature, 18°C, 15°C and 12°C. All of factors has 3 replicaton and each replication contained 3 sample of fruits. All combinations of washing materials markedly better in cleaning sap and dirt on the mango, compare to control. Application detergent 1% + Ca(OH)2 0.5% + fludioxonil fungicide or azoxystrobin fungicide 0.025% and 12°C temperature is the best combination in delaying the occurrence of fruit diseases up to 30 days after harvest.