Rekayasa genetik pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum) kultivar Diamant dengan gen Hd3a dibawah kendali promoter 35SCaMV

Abstract

Potato is one of important horticultural and food crops in Indonesia due to the high economic value. Flower has an important role in the conventional breeding to cross, so the induction of flowering is very important. In several species, Hd3a induced flowering. In potato cv. Andigena, Hd3a does not only induce the flowering, but also induces the tuber formation. This research has an objective to engineer genetically potato cv. Diamant with Hd3a under the control of the 35SCaMV promoter. Potato plants were propagated in vitro in MS2 macro media. Genetic transformation is done by using the internode fragments as explants intermediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens with co-cultivation method. Calli and putative transgenic plants sere selected in MS media containing 10-40 mg/l hygromicin. The results showed that the average transformation efficiency was 38.88% with low regeneration efficiency, i.e. 9.5%. The average of shoots produced per callus was 2.25. At six weeks old, putative transgenic and non transgenic potato plants did not form a flower, but 10% of putative transgenic 3 plants formed a tuber and all non transgenic ones did not produce a tuber. This result indicates that Hd3a is capable to induce tuber formation. Six weeks is not enough time for flower formation.