Ichthyoacanthotoxins pada Beberapa Jenis Catfish: Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae), Pangasius hypophthalmus (Pangasidae), Plotosus canius (Plotosidae)

Abstract

Ichthyoacanthotoxins are toxins released through the pectoral fins (horn) by venomous fish. Order Siluroidea like CLARIAS GARIEPINUS, PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS, and PLOTOSUS CANIUS generally have pectoral fins as a defense mechanism. The research was conducted from February 2014 through September 2014 to determine anatomical structure of the venom gland and the chemical composition (acanthotoxins) present in the pectoral and dorsal spine. The results of histological analysis showed that the anatomical structure pectoral and dorsal spine consists of pieces of muscle, adipose layer, blood vessels, and there is a venom gland at CLARIAS GARIEPINUS with a long shaft, which is 1612.48 μm. The results showed that the proximate analysis, protein content of PLOTOSUS CANIUS is higher than the protein content of CLARIAS GARIEPINUS and PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS, while the fat content of CLARIAS GARIEPINUS higher than the fat content of PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS and PLOTOSUS CANIUS.