Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Nangka dan Daun Sukun sebagai Moluskisida Nabati terhadap Daya Hidup Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck)

Abstract

Golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) are pests that attack water plants, especiallypaddy field until 30 days old. One effort to eradicate the snails without leaving chemicals residue in plants is by the provision of natural pesticides such as molluscicides. Jackfruit and breadfruit leaves maybe used as natural molluscicides for snail because they contain saponins. This study aims to test the jackfruit leaf and breadfruit leaf extracts to the survival of snails and determine the effectiveness of the leaf extract based on the LC50. The experiment was conducted separately for small (operculum diameter 5-10 mm) and large golden snails (operculum diameter of 11-20 cm). During the experiment the snails were put in a jars filled with water without leaf extract as the control, and jars with leaf extract at a concentration of 5 g/L, 10 g/L, and 25 g/L as treatments. Observations were carried out by counting the number of snails survives after 24, 48, and 72 hours. The results were analyzed to obtain LC50 values. Jackfruit and breadfruit leaves extracts have potential as molluscicides, since they caused all the snails died on the third day of treatment (72 hours). Decreasing rate of their survival is faster at higher concentrations. The presence of mucus in the body of the dead snails showing symptoms of the effect of saponins. Inconsistent results seem appear on LC50 (24 and 48 hours) of breadfruit extract. LC50 of 24 hours (large snails) and 48 hours (small snails) since they are not detected at the treatment using jackfruit leaves. This suggests the need to redesign the method and the concentration used for better research results.