Transformasi Genetik Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar Baraka dengan Gen Pembungaan Hd3a

Abstract

Flowering has a very important role in plant breeding. Flowering is the phase transition from the vegetative to the generative phase. One of the genes associated with flowering is Hd3a. This research has an objective to transform genetically potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Baraka with Hd3a flowering gene under control of a strong promoter prolC. Potato plants were propagated in vitro on MS2 medium. Genetic transformation was carried out by co-cultivation method by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404. Leaf disc and internodes were used as explants for transformation. Selection of transgenic plants was performed in MS medium containing 10-40 mg/L hygromycin. The results showed that the efficiency of transformation was relatively low. The efficiency of shoot regeneration of transgenic calli was very high. The low efficiency of transformation was caused by damage of explant during transformation process. The efficiency of transformation of internode was higher than leaf explants. Putative transgenic shoot regeneration per callus was 2.5. In MS0 media, four of twenty-four putative transgenic plants produced tuber whereas all non-transgenic plants did not. This result showed that Hd3a induced the formation of tuber of transgenic potato cv. Baraka.