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      Pengaruh kondisi lanskap terhadap interaksi tropik Antara tanaman, hama dan parasitoid

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Buchori, Damayanti
      Rizali, Akhmad
      Nurmansyah, Ali
      Sudarsono
      Farid, M. Yasin
      Nugraha, M. Nurhuda
      Sari, Adha
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      Abstract
      Kondisi lanskap pertanian berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan musuh alami yang memiliki peranan penting dalam mengendalikan populasi hama. Lanskap yang sederhana cenderung lebih rentan terhadap serangan hama dibandingkan dengan lanskap yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh kondisi lanskap terhadap interaksi antara tanaman, hama dan parasitoid. Melalui penelitian ini, akan diperoleh informasi mengenai model hubungan parasitoid dan hama (inang)yang berguna dalam membangun model pengelolaan habitat pertanian.Penelitian dilakukan pada 16 lanskap pertanian yang tersebar di Kabupaten Bogor dengan kompleksitas lanskap yang berbeda (kompleks vs sederhana) dan mencakup berbagai kondisi lingkungan meliputi perbedaan jarak dengan hutan, keberadaan permukiman, ketinggian tempat dan sistem budidaya pertanian. Di setiap lanskap dilakukan pengambilan contoh serangga dengan menggunakan metode transek yaitu mengambil serangga hama yang ada pada pertanaman sayuran untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman parasitoid yang ada pada lahan pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lanskap pertanian mempengaruhi pola interaksi antara hama dengan parasitoid. Berdasarkan analisis hubungan (network analysis) menunjukkan bahwa kompleksitas dan perbedaan kondisi lingkungan dari lanskap pertanian memiliki connectance, generality, vulnerability dan linkage density yang berbeda. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa manajemen lanskap pertanian sangat penting untuk mendukung keberadaan musuh alami khususnya parasitoid pada habitat pertanian.
       
      The conditions of agricultural landscape influence the presence of natural enemies which play important role on controlling pest population. Agricultural area in simple landscape is vulnerable in pest outbreak then complex landscape. The objective of this research is to study the effect of landscape condition on trophic interaction among crop plant, pest and parasitoid. The outcome of this research is a pivotal knowledge about associationpattern between pest and parasitoid as basic information to construct the model of agricultural habitat management. Ecological observations were conducted in 16 agricultural landscapes around Bogor Regency with different landscape complexity (complex vssimple) andcomprise several environmental conditions i.e. different distance to the forest, the presence of settlement, altitude and agricultural management system. On each landscape, immature insects include of eggs, larvae and pupae were sampled using hand collecting methods in several transects (depend on patch size) which was focused on vegetable crops. Our result showed that the condition of agricultural landscape have an effect on shaping interaction between pest and parasitoid. Based on network analysis, the landscape complexities as well as environmental condition of agr icultural landscape have different connectance, generality, vulnerabilityand linkage density. Our conclusion suggests that agricultural landscape management is crucial effort to conserve natural enemies especially parasitoid in agricultural habitat.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/71981
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      • Research Proceeding [307]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
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      Universitas Jember Digital Repository