Sifat dasar, keterawetan, dan finishing kayu tumih (combretocarpus rotundatus miq.) asal kalimantan tengah

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat dasar, keterawetan, dan finishing kayu tumih asal Kalimantan Tengah serta menganalisis pengaruh pengeringan awal dengan oven dan microwave terhadap sifat keterawetan dan finishing-nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kayu tumih berwarna cokelat kemerahan, bertekstur kasar, berserat lurus, permukaan kayu mengkilap, dan bercorak. Pori-pori kayu tersusun dalam pola tata baur, didominasi oleh pori soliter meski dijumpai juga pori yang bergabung radial 2-3 sel. Diameter pori antara 68.50-510.90 μm dan berisi tilosis. Serat kayu tergolong kelas mutu III dengan panjang serat tergolong sedang (1338.39 μm). Kayu tumih lebih disarankan sebagai bahan baku mebel karena memiliki penampilan yang dekoratif, disamping sebagai bahan konstruksi (kelas kuat II; berat jenis = 0.63). Hasil uji keterawetannya memperlihatkan bahwa kayu tumih sukar diawetkan karena retensinya hanya 1.67-2.93 kg m-3 dan penetrasinya 13.22-40.66% atau 2.99-8.50 mm. Sifat finishing-nya tergolong baik (Grade 4B; ASTM D3359-02). Hasil uji finishing ini tidak dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh perlakuan cara pengeringan awal dan pengawetan borax yang diberikan.

Tumih wood is a lesser-known wood species that has been used as construction material limitedly in some areas of Borneo Island. This study aimed to analyze the basic properties, treatability, and finishing properties of tumih wood and to analyze the influence of initial drying using oven and microwave to wood’s treatability and finishing properties. The result showed that tumih wood has reddish-brown colour, rough-texture, straight-grain, lustrous, and decorative. Pore distribution is diffuse, dominated by solitary but sometimes in radial-multipled of 2-3 cells. Pore diameter ranged between 68.50-510.90 μm, and contained tylosis. Its fiber was classified as quality class III and had medium length (1338.39 μm). The specific gravity of tumih wood was 0.63 that belongs to strength class II. Tumih wood is suitable for furniture manufacturing. Based on this study, the treatability of this wood was difficult because the preservative retention and penetration were 1.67-2.93 kg m-3 and 13.22-40.66% or 2.99-8.50 mm, respectively. Its finishing property was good (Grade 4B) based on ASTM D3359- 02, which was not affected by pre-drying treatment and borax preservation.