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      Toksisitas akut buah sirih hutan (Piper aduncum) terhadap larva udang (Artemia salina) dan embrio ikan zebra (Danio rerio)

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      Date
      2014
      Author
      Heriyanto, Andhika Gusti
      Syahbirin, Gustini
      Mohamad, Kusdiantoro
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      Abstract
      Piper aduncum, yang dikenal sebagai tanaman sirih hutan di Indonesia, telah digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji toksisitas minyak atsiri dan ekstrak n-heksana buah sirih hutan terhadap larva udang (Artemia salina) dan embrio ikan zebra (Danio rerio). Ekstrak n-heksana menghasilkan toksisitas yang lebih tinggi, dengan nilai konsentrasi letal 50% (LC50) sebesar 20 ppm terhadap larva udang dan 16 ppm terhadap embrio ikan zebra pada 96 jam pascafertilisasi. Pemberian ekstrak n-heksana dan minyak atsiri menunjukkan malformasi mayor pada kantung kuning telur, jantung, dan sirkulasi darah embrio ikan zebra berdasarkan uji in vivo yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kromatografi gas-spektrometri massa, komponen utama dalam minyak atsiri dan ekstrak n-heksana adalah dilapiol (1-alil-2,3-dimetoksi-4,5-(metilenadioksi)benzena).
       
      Piper aduncum, known as sirih hutan in Indonesia, is an herb traditionally used in Indonesian community. This study is to evaluate the toxicity of essential oil and n-hexane extract of P. aduncum fruit against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. The n-hexane extract showed higher toxicity, with 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 20 ppm against A. salina and 16 ppm against D. rerio embryo for 96 hours post fertilization. The in vivo test indicated that the n-hexane extract and the essential oil caused major malformation on yolk sac, heart, and blood circulation in D. rerio embryo. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, the main component in the essential oil and n-hexane extract was dillapiole (1-allyl-2,3-dimethoxy-4,5-(methylenedioxy)benzene).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/71518
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      • UT - Chemistry [2295]

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