Perbandingan Keanekaragaman Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Pada Empat Tipe Ekosistem yang Berbeda

Abstract

Deforestation or transformation of forest function to non-forest has been playing a role in the changes of ecosystem and species in it. Insect as one of the living fauna that live in the forest is an interesting aspect to be studied, especially ants. This experiment was conducted in Bungku, Bajubang District , Batanghari Regency, Jambi. Sampling technique using pitfall traps in four ecosystem. The four ecosystem mentioned is secondary forest, oil palm plantations, rubber plantations, and jungle rubber. The results found there were 5 484 individuals of 50 ant morphospecies, 33 genera of 6 subfamily i.e. Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Dolichodorinae, Pseudomyrmicinae, and Dolichorinae. Secondary forest is an ecosystem that relatively stable with the value of diversity index H '= 2.76, index of richness DMg = 4.96, and index of evenness E = 0.70. The ant communities depend on environment factor of each ecosystem.