Potensi Anti Fungi Ekstrak Kasar Buah Mahkota Dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl] untuk Mengendalikan Cendawan Patogen Terbawa Benih Ubi Gembili (Dioscorea spp.)

Abstract

This study was aimed to detect and identify the seed-borne fungal pathogens on gembili tubers and examine the potential of the phaleria crude extract to control fungal pathogens on gembili tubers. The results showed that the fungus Fusarium sp. was most dominant on gembili tubers. The potential assay of phaleria crude extract in vitro with a concentration of 10, 5, 2, and 1% showed the significant result compared to the control,and treatment of the fruit flush and seed crude extract of phaleria separately with a concentration of 10% more effective than others treatments in inhibiting the growth and development of colonies of Fusarium sp. Colonies 43.9 and 45.4% respectively. Bassed on in vivo test, the fruit flesh and seed crude extract of phaleria at a concentration of 10% could prolong the incubation period of Fusarium sp. Significantly with incubation period 3.3 and 2.8 days in addition compared to the negative control, both extract could prolong the total rot incubation period on tubers, i.e 7.9 and 8.5 days in the fruit flesh and seed crude extract of of phaleria respectively, and 6.6 days in the negative control. Based on in vitro and in vivo assays, crude extract of phaleria had antifungal activity to control Fusarium sp. on gembili tubers.