Penentuan Masak Fisiologi dan Metode Pengujian Viabilitas Benih Kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.)

Abstract

Ocimum americanum L. is one of the indigenous plant species that can be used as spices, herbs, and vegetables. These plants are generally propagated using seeds. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the physiological maturity of Basil seed and its viability testing method. The experiment conducted at Medicinal Gardens Conservation Unit (MGCU) and Seed Technology Laboratory, IPB in December 2013 to April 2014. The experiment consisted of two experiments. The first experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, that is the harvesting time factors which consisted of 44, 48, 52, 56, and 60 days after flowering (DAF) and the layout factors seed which consisted of the seed lied on the base, middle, and end flowerstalk. The second experiment used split-split plot design that arranged with completely randomized. The first factor was the environmental condition about germination with 2 levels i.e. dark and light condition, the second factor was the soaking seed temperature treatment i.e. water soaking with 40 ºC and room temperature (27 ºC) , and the third factor was the method of germination i.e. the top of paper and the between of paper method. The first experiment results showed that basil seed reached the ripe harvest physiology at the age of 48 DAG and basil seed which located in the middle had the best viability and vigor from the others. The second experiment results showed that the best method on the seed germination of basil seeds obtained by the top of paper method and light condition.