Keterkaitan antara Infrastruktur dan Pendapatan per Kapita: Perbandingan Daerah Kaya dan Miskin di Indonesia 2003-2012

Abstract

Income per capita is one of indicators to measure the performance of an economy in a country. Although in general income per capita in Indonesia always increases every year, but it is not followed by income equality among the provinces. Income disparity among provinces happens because of infrastructure disparity, both quantity and quality. This research used panel data method for 30 provinces in Indonesia on 2003-2012, consisting 15 rich provinces with high income per capita and 15 poor provinces with low income per capita. Dependent variable in this research is income per capita (PDRBK), while the independent variables are water (AIR), electricity (LSTRK), length of roads (LNJLN), school (LNSKLH), and hospital beds (LNBED). The results of this research show that all of the infrastructure variables have positive and significant effect on income per capita except for water in Indonesia in general and provinces with high income per capita, then length of roads in provinces with low income per capita. Income per capita in Indonesia in general and provinces with high income per capita is sensitive to the availability of economic infrastructure, while income per capita in provinces with low income per capita is sensitive to availability of social infrastructure.