Studi Pembungaan Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) untuk Seleksi Galur Tetua Persilangan

Abstract

Selection of parental stock for variety improvement needs understanding of flowering characteristic. The experiment was aimed at obtaining informations on flowering biology of sorghum and reproductive potential for selecting potential lines as parents. The experiment was conducted in IPB University Farm, Leuwikopo, Bogor with 10 sorghum lines. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characters observed was based on indicators described by IBPGR. Lines that were used were N/UP 82-3, N/UP 118-7, N/UP 89-3, P/I 150-20 A, P/I 10-90 A, P/I 150-21 A, P/I 5-193 C, UPCA, Numbu and Kawali. The ten sorghum lines showed variability in agronomic characters. The line suitable for parental line to improve plant height is P/I 150-20 A, they are good candidates for parental line to improve spike characters except N/UP 89-3 and N/UP 118-7. Numbu and N/UP 118-7 are the best line to be used as parental line to improve yield potential. The sorghum lines showed variability in the stigma colour, spike exsertion and type of panicle, but all have similar panicle density at maturity. The lines are good candidate as parental lines to improve panicle exsertion except N/UP 89-3 and N/UP 118-7. The sorghum lines showed variability in time to flowering and the best pollen viability was obtained at anthesis from different parts of the panicle (distal, middle, proximal).