Sifat Antirayap Zat Ekstraktif Daun Mindi (Melia azedarach Linn.) terhadap Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren

Abstract

Chinaberry, M. azedarach, is one of the species of Meliaceae family recognized having insecticide properties. The objective of this research was to determine extractive substances percentage of chinaberry, and to test the antitermite activities against subterranean termites C. curvignathus Holmgren, as well as to analyze chemical substances extract quantitatively through Pyr-GC-MS. The extraction of chinaberry leaves used multilevel fractionation method where in there are four types of fractions obtained, namely n-hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and the residue. Each fraction was made at concentration of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% for the termites test. The result showed the percentage of chinaberry leaves extractives was 10.53%. Ethyl ether fraction had the highest termite activity at all concentrations based on mortality and weight loss. At concentration of 8% and 10%, ethyl ether fraction resulted in mortality of up to 100% with a weight loss of 0.63% and 5.37%. Based on the analysis of GC-MS pyrolysis, leaves extract which was soluble in ethyl ether contained five compounds with the highest concentration, namely cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, benzenepropanoic acid, palmitic acid, and phytol