Keragaman Genetik dan Identifikasi Penanda Spesifik Karakter Produksi pada Progeni dan Tetua Kelapa Sawit dengan Marka SSR
Genetic Diversity and Identification of Specific Production Character Markers of Oil Palm Progeny and Parent with SSR Marker
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Date
2014Author
Solin, Nida Wafiqah Nabila M.
Sobir
Toruan-Mathius, Nurita
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This thesis studies the relationship between microsatellite markers with the character of the production of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in an attempt to get specific markers that can be useful in the parental selection. The first experiment was carried out by observing the genetic diversity of 80 progeny palm oil that has been classified by the character of high and and low production. Each of these 20 individuals were observed for the characters of oil to bunch (OB), bunch number (BN), oil yield (OY) and fresh fruit bunches (FFB). The results showed a fairly high genetic diversity of the four characters, which is shown by the quite high average percentage of polymorphic and PIC, ie 52.78% and 0.51. Construction of dendogram based on UPGMA can distinguish the characters from one to another by the percentage of genetic similarity 56-100% or ~44% of genetic diversity. The separation of the characters into the four groups was also confirmed using PCoA (Principle Coordinate Analysis). It also found the specific markers for the characters observed, ie one marker specific to the character of OB, four markers specific to the character of BN, one marker specific to the character of OY and two marker specific to the character of FFB. The second experiment was conducted to identify specific markers of the four characters. Correlation and stepwise regression approach used in this experiment. The results showed that there are 11 specific markers were obtained using the correlation approach, as well as 16 specific markers obtained using stepwise regression approach. From the results it is known that one marker positively correlated and regressed to the OB, two markers positively correlated and regressed to the BN, one marker positively regressed to OY, but only one marker that positively correlated to OY, and no one is positively correlated or regressed to FFB. The third experiment was conducted to determine the genetic diversity of Dura parents which is used as female parent in experiments 1 and 2, and its role in the diversity of the four characters tested. Two populations of Dura selfing with 30 samples per population used for analysis. The analysis showed parental separation into two groups based on the selfing. Group A, with ~20% genetic diversity, is the result of D1 selfing. While Group B, with ~28% genetic diversity is the result of D2 selfing. Both genetic material has a low genetic diversity within groups, but higher genetic diversity between group (~ 68%), as well as confirmed by PCoA and Structure. The results of t-test analysis showed that the pair D1 and D2 with a fourth character, has a significant effect on the character of the OB, OY and FFB, while the character of BN, Dura influence is not significant.
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- MT - Agriculture [3778]