Regional Development Plan Based on Beekeeping Activity in Cianjur Regency
Abstract
Forestry development policy-based natural resources provide benefits to the development of non-timber forest products through social forestry activities, including beekeeping business. Beekeeping businesses have considerable opportunities to be developed in the community. It is because of the demand of honey is increasing for variety of needs. Furthermore, Indonesia also has the potential of natural resources to support the beekeeping development business. One of the potential areas for beekeeping development is Cianjur Regency, where it has been cultivated since 2006. The type of honey bee which cultivated is Apis mellifera, with an average production of 3-4 tons/year. However, the main problem encountered beekeeping activities in this regency is limited bee forage resources. This limitation and migratory behaviour of Apis mellifera are causing herding activity of the bees in certain months must be herded out of Cianjur to increase honey production. As an effort to overcome this problem, Cianjur Regency Government through the Forestry and Plantation Agency has been developing a Participatory Business Plan (PBP) to build a Tourism Bees Park. The basic concept of PBP is implementing an integrated beekeeping, through the development of bee forage resources, honey bee product processing and diversification of honey bee product in one location without herding activity outside Cianjur. Geographic information systems (GIS) have the ability to create a model framework for land suitability evaluation (Elsheikh et al. 2013) and develop habitat suitability models through a multi-criteria evaluation approach and integrate it with expert knowledge (Store and Jokimaki 2003). GIS approach is applied in this research to determine the land suitability for beekeeping. Moreover, through the analysis of land suitability for beekeeping by considering physical, social and financial aspect, this research is expected to provide direction plan for integrated beekeeping development in Cianjur. The objectives of this research are: (1) to analyze the beekeeping land suitability, considering the land suitability for bee forage plants and the habitat suitability for honey bee; (2) to analyze beekeeping financial; (3) to analyze public opinion about beekeeping, and (4) to formulate the development plan based on beekeeping activity. The selection of bee forage plants in this research are based on the time of flowering, pollen or nectar production, deployment, advantages and disadvantages in terms of cultivation. In this study, land suitability classification use the FAO (1976) clasification, which is not suitable order (N) just using 1 class. These consist of 4 classess: very suitable (S1), suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and not suitable (N). The results of land suitability analysis for bee forage resources indicate that the land suitability classes for kapok S3 and N, while rubber and rambutan have suitability classes S1, S2, S3 and N. In addition, land suitability classes for corn consists of S3 and N; kelengkeng S2, S3 and N; Calliandra has suitability classes S and N. Each land unit has a variety of combinations of land suitability classes, which are 2-6 types of suitable bee forage resources per land unit. The percentage of Cianjur Regency area that very suitable to be used as a honey bee habitat is 22.94 % (83,030 ha), 33.44 % (121,034 ha) suitable and not suitable 43.62 % (157,880 ha). The sub-districts which are suitable for honeybee habitat among others, Bojongpicung, Cibinong, Cikalongkulon, Haurwangi, Mande, Naringgul, Sindangbarang and Sukaluyu. The analysis of land suitability for beekeeping by considering land use aspects and regulatory aspects (spatial planning and cultivate plantation right) selected several potential locations for beekeeping development that suitable for 6 types of bee forages: Bojongpicung, Cikalongkulon, Haurwangi, Sukaluyu, Campaka, Takokak, Cikadu and Sindangbarang district. Potential locations for beekeeping development that suitable for 5 types of bee forages are Sukaresmi, Cibeber, Cibinong, Leles, and Tanggeung. Based on the results of the financial analysis, beekeeping business more profitable (feasible) if honey bee still grazing in Cianjur area with land lease in bee forage plantation. The land investment cost for making bee forage plantation becomes a limiting factor for business feasibility. The results of the public opinion analysis indicate that basically some farmer groups in selected locations willing to do beekeeping with the government guidance /private sector or not. Regional development plan based on beekeeping activity are arranged with seven priorities. The priorities are made by considering the result of this study and potential resources in Cianjur Regency. Sukaresmi is the first priority area for beekeeping development. This sub-district is suitable for five types of bee forages: rubber, rambutan, kelengkeng, corn and calliandra. Farmers groups in this area have experiences in beekeeping. Sukaresmi is a prospective area for Tourism Bees Park development, because It is near tourism areas in Puncak. The next priority areas (sub-districts) for beekeeping development are Cikalaongkulon (second priority), Haurwangi-Bojongpicing (third priority), Campaka- Campakamulya (fourth priority), Sindangbarang-Cikadu-Cibinong (fifth priority), Cibeber-Gekbrong (sixth priority) and Mande (the last priority).
Collections
- MT - Agriculture [3778]