Keanekaragaman Hama dan Penyakit pada Tanaman Krisan (Chrysanthemum spp.)

Abstract

Ornamental plants are horticultural commodities which have great market demand because of their beauty and aesthetics. One of the important ornamental plants in the world is chrysanthemum. The purpose of this observation was to know the variety of insect pest and pathogen, and also know about intensity and severity on different plant age. Data were collected though interview with farmers and direct observations in the fields. Identification of insect pests and pathogen were conducted in the laboratory. The result showed that diseases found in the fields were white rust (Puccinia horiana), black rust (Puccinia chrysanthemi), fusarium (Fusariumoxysporium), downy mildew, powdery mildew (Oidium chrysanthemi), leaf blight (Helminthosporium sp.), dwarf (Chrysanthemum stunt viroid), pythium (Pythium spp.), and grey mould (Botrytis cinerea). Pests found in chrysanthemum were whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius.), leaf miner (Lyriomiza huidobrensis Blanchard.), aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover. and Macrosiphoniella sanborni Gillete.), armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius.), dan thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny.). Insect pests and pathogens management conducted by farmers were organic fertilize rountinely, removing diseased leves, weed control, and pesticide application.