Pengukuran Fluks CO2 dan Neraca Karbon Sederhana Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga

Abstract

Agricultural activities such as land preparation, irrigation and fertilization on agricultural land currently is one of the human activities accused on increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Agricultural land in Indonesia are mostly mineral soil (78% of the total agricultural land). Therefore, it is important to study the CO2 emissions from tropical soils as part of the data collection effort (inventory) to support mitigation and adaptation activities on climate change. Soil fertility in mineral soil such as Latosol is generally low due to the low organic matter as well as nutrient availability. One among several ways to improve this soil fertility is adding with organic matter. This research’s purpose is determine: (1) the effect of adding organic matter to the total biomass of maize (Zea mays L.), (2) the effect of adding organic matter to the CO2 flux of soil planted by maize, (3) simple carbon balance of a maize which planted on soil with and without adding organic matter. Statistical design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with regression analysis and the method of time average. The treatments tested, K: Control, KJ+P: Control + Maize + NPK Fertilizer, KBOJ+P: Control + Organik Matter + Maize + NPK fertilizer. The experiment showed that the addition of organic matter to the soil produced much higher in average production of dry biomass of maize (KBOJ+P = 27.82±5.94 g) rather than without added organic matter (KJ+P = 14.75±3.96 g) and its produced much higher flux CO2 (KBOJ+P = 0.11±0.08 mg CO2 /m2/det) rather than without added organic matter. (KJ+P = 0.09±0.06 mg CO2 /m2/det) and (K = 0.05±0.01 mg CO2 /m2/det). In simple carbon balance, the addition of organic materrs could increased the carbon lost in the form of CO2 flux (20%) and increased carbon in the soil (123%), however, did not significantly contribute to CO2 emissions because the organic matter also increased the amount of carbon that is absorbed by plants (89%). But the addition of organic matter did not has significant influence in improving the dry weight biomass total of maize, flux of CO2, carbon in soils, carbon absorbed by the plant and the carbon lost in the form of CO2 flux.