Keragaman Genetik Tanaman Penghasil Gaharu Aquilaria malaccensis berdasarkan Penanda Mikrosatelit

Abstract

Aquilaria malaccensis is a high quality agarwood producing tree of which population in nature has become rare and almost extinct due to over-exploitation. This research aim to estimate the genetic variation of innoculated A.malaccensis seedling and tree populations using microsatellite marker and to determine the correlation between the plant genotypes and the agarwood components based on analysis using GCMS. DNA was extracted using Dneasy plant mini kit from QIAGEN, and then amplified using 4 microsatellite primer pairs, i.e. 6pa18, 10pa17, 14pa17, and 16pa17. However, only two primer pairs, i.e. 6pa18 and 16pa17 were able to cross-amplify and produced polymorphic fragments with different sizes. In microsatellite locus of 16pa17 the presence of one specific allele was detected which could differentiate the plant that potentially able to produce the large amount of agarwood. The estimated value of genetic variation of the populations studied was categorized as high (He = 0.31). This variation was spread as much as 63% within populations and 37% among populations.