Turmeric (Curcuma Domestica Val.) Plants Under Agroforestry Stands Jabon (Anthocephalus Cadamba Miq.)

Abstract

Planting of jabon (A. cadamba) tree species have attracted many people in recent times due to its fast growing ability, cylindrical trunk with a good level of alignment, and the ability of natural pruning. Jabon tree branches arevalso high allowing light in from the side, to enhance natural regeneration. To optimize jabon forests, land can be developed through agroforestry systems. Agroforestry provides income daily, weekly, monthly and even yearly longer period for farmers. Therefore, it is necessary for the development of agroforestry jabon plant types that are resistant to shade. Turmeric (C. domestica) may be an option for agroforestry crop jabon as turmeric can be grown in shade conditions. In addition, turmeric has many benefits, thus, its use is not limited to the rhizome and the leaves can also be used as a spice in cooking to add flavor. Turmeric is also used as a refreshing drink, a natural preservative, medicinal materials (anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic), fodder for livestock and also for forensic purposes (fingerprint visualization). The results of the study treatments extract of leaves and twigs jabon shows extracts of leaves and twigs application Jabon not inhibit the growth of turmeric plants. The applications extraction of leaves and twigs of jabon showed no allelopathic effect, wherein the extract of leaves and twigs treatment of white Jabon did not inhibit the growth of turmeric plants, decrease the production of rhizomes and reduce the content of curcumin at the of age 6 BST. Agroforestry research conducted at the 3.9-year old jabon stands average shade level of 73.7% shade. The results showed that treatment J3 (Urea, SP-36, and KCl with each dose of 250 kg ha-1) was high in production from treatments J2 (Urea, SP-36, and KCl with each dose of 200 kg ha-1) and as well as treatment J1 (Urea, SP-36, and KCl with each dose of 150 kg ha-1) to the weight of the rhizome. Production of turmeric at the age of 6 months after planting (BST) ranged between 7.4 and 11.9 tons ha-1 and producing 9.9-16.4 tons ha-1 at the age of 8 BST. The content of curcumin at age 6 BST is 6% has met the standard MMI 5%.