Laju Eksploitasi Dan Keragaan Pertumbuhan Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) Pada Perairan Kuala Penet, Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur

Abstract

Blood clam (Anadara granosa) was one of ocean’s sedentary organisms from Bivalve class which its life relatively settled in ocean floor. Kuala Penet waters in East Lampung shore was one of potential area as proliferation habitat of blood clam. Existence of various activities such as industrial development and shore reclamation around Kuala Penet waters could decrease water quality, which eventually could affect blood clam’s ability to grow, survival and reproduction. The objective of this research was to analyze biological aspects of blood clam’s growth which include length-weight relationship, conditional factor, growth parameters such as L∞, K, and t0, mortality, and also exploitation rate. Based on observations results, equation of length-weight relationship for male clam was W = 0,0023L2,5709 (negative allometric) with determination coefficient (R2) was 0,9181, while for female clam was W = 0,0027L2,5121 (negative allometric) with determination coefficient (R2), which obtained from shell length and total weight ratio, was 0,9518. Based on analysis result of growth parameters in Kuala Penet waters, value of L∞ was 44,59. Estimated total mortality rate (Z) of blood clam was 8,336 per year, while value of mortality rate (M) was 1,619 per year and catching mortality rate in Kuala Penet waters was 6,717 per year. Based on those mortality rate values, exploitation rate of blood clam in Kuala Penet waters was 80,6%, which has exceeding the optimum limit of blood clam’s harvesting. In order to maintain blood clam’s population sustainability, it required to regulate blood clam’s catching activity, including catching size and catching time.