Formulasi Aktinomiset Menggunakan Beberapa Jenis Tanah sebagai Agens Hayati Penyakit Kresek (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) pada Padi

Abstract

Biological control is one of the techniques for controlling plant diseases using antagonistic microorganisms. Actinomycetes are bacteria that have high potential as biological agents to control plant pathogens. Actinomycetes could be formulated with a wide range of carrier in the form of flour or powder. Soil could be used as a carrier materials in a formulation because soil has a mineral content that could promote plant growth. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of actinomycetes’s formulation that used three types of soil (latosol, andosol, and podzolic) to suppress Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Tests that conducted in this research include antibiosis test of actinomycetes against Xoo, antibacterial formulation test of actinomycetes against Xoo, and test the effectiveness of the formulation to suppress leaf blight disease and for the growth of rice seedlings. The result of antibiosis test indicated that antibiosis of actinomycetes could suppress the growth of Xoo by means of in vitro. The result of antibacterial formulation test showed that there is a relationship between the types of formulations with concentration level. Formulation actinomycetes using andosol soil could suppress population of Xoo by 27.25%. Population of Xoo also could be suppressed by formulation actinomycetes using podzolic soil by 25.62% and formulation actinomycetes using latosol soil by 14.24%. Formulation actinomycetes using andosol soil not only could suppress population of Xoo but also could induce plant growth by increasing the average length of roots and plant height compared with the control.