Optimasi pemupukan nitrogen dan kalium terhadap tanaman kelapa sawit di pembibitan utama dan Tanaman Belum Menghasilkan (TBM)

Abstract

The experiment consist of two experiment, the first experiment was optimizing of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer rate for oil palm seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on main nursery; and the second experiment was optimizing of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizers rate on immature plant of oil palm. The purpose of both experiments is to determine the optimum rate of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer. The experiment of optimizing Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer rate for oil palm on main nursery aims to determine the optimum rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers was carried out at IPB Experimental Station (Plantation Teaching Farm), Cikabayan Dramaga, Bogor, from May to September 2012. The treatment was laid-out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor N.i.e. 0, 25.92, 51.8, and 103.66 N plant-1 and the second was K.i.e 0, 26.99, 53.98 and 107.96 g K2O plant-1. The result of the experiment shows that Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer increase the plant height, number of frond and stem diameter. Base on the plant height the optimum dose of Nitrogen fertilizer is 67.70 g and Potassium fertilizer is 86.68 during five months in the main nursery. The objectif of the experiment optimizing of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizer rate for oil palm on immature was to determine the optimum rate of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizers. Experiment was conducted at IPB Experimental Station (Plantation Teaching Farm), Singasari Jonggol, Bogor, from February to June 2013. The treatment was laid-out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The experiment was conducted in two trials, the first trial is made up of four Nitrogen fertilization levels N.i.e. 45, 90, 135, and 180 g N plant-1. The result shows that Nitrogen in immature increase 12.88 (cm month-1) of growth of the plant height, 3.75 (sheet month-1) of number of fronds, 3.46 (cm month-1 ) of stem girth and 3.16 (cm2 month-1 ) of leaflet area. The second is Potassium fertilization trial consist of four levels K.i.e. 30, 60, 90, dan 120 g K2O plant-1. The result shows that Potassium in immature increase 12.83 (cm month-1) of growth of the plant height, 3.61 (sheet month-1) of number of fronds, 4.03(cm month-1 ) of stem girth and 2.61 (cm2 month-1 ) of leaflet area.