Karakteristik Intersepsi Radiasi Matahari dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis pada Arah Baris dan Kerapatan Berbeda

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row planting direction and plant population density on the change of specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area index (LAI), radiation use efficiency (RUE) and growth of sweet corn. The research was conducted from March to June 2013 in Cikabayan Research Station IPB Darmaga-Bogor, West Java, at altitude of ± 240 masl. The row planting direction was TB (East-West direction) and US (North-South direction). The planting spacing was J20 (70 x 20 cm) and J40 (70 x 40 cm). The meteorology factors being observed were the intensity of radiation, air temperature and humidity. Agronomic variables factors being observed were plant height, number of leaves, dry weight and yield component. The results showed the combination treatment of row direction and planting spacing did not significantly affect plant height, leaf number and total dry weight. However, the treatment has significant affect on dry plant at harvest. The interception of solar radiation in US treatment was 11% higher than the TB, while J20 treatment has 3% higher than J40. Radiation use eficiency of treatment TBJ20, TBJ40, USJ20, USJ40 were 2.97, 2.75, 3.16, and 3.14 g MJ-1 respectively. Dry seed yield of J20 was 5.98 ton ha-1, which was 20% greater than J40 population. Harvest index for TBJ20, TBJ40, USJ20 and USJ40 are 0.23, 0.19, 0.25 and 0.20.