Sintesis dan Uji in Vitro Hidroksiapatit dari Limbah Cangkang Keong Sawah (Bellamya javanica) Berporogen Pati Kentang

Abstract

Biomaterial that is widely used for bone tissue rehabilitation is hydroxyapatite (HAp). HAp was synthesized from calcium reacted with ammonium phosphate, and added with potato starch as porogen. The synthesis of HAp was performed by wet method. Calcium in HAp was extracted from garden snail shell which is known for it is high calcium; ammonium phosphate used was diammonium hydrogen phosphate of technical grade. Potato starch was used due to it is biocompatibility, so that it should be safe for human body. HAp pores was modified by adding 20% and 30% starch. X-ray diffraction results showed the phase of HAp. Based on the photo results of scanning electron microscopy, the pores of HAp were successfully enlarged. The best pores size of 0.67-8.46 μm was given by the addition of 30% potato starch. Infrared spectrum showed that porogened HAp had the same functional groups with nonporogened HAp. In vitro test showed that HAp with larger pore sizes gave higher bioactivity.