Analisis Kebijakan Ekonomi Kelembagaan Pengembangan Klaster Industri Pengolahan Ikan Teri di Pulau Pasaran Kota Bandar Lampung

Abstract

Lampung Province has potential resource in fisheries. One of the potential fisheries commodity in Lampung Province is anchovy which is produced by lift net in Lampung Bay. The final product of anchovy is dry-salted anchovy which has local name “teri”, process mainly in Pulau Pasaran, Teluk Betung Timur, Bandar Lampung City. Types of anchovy that produced, are “teri nasi”, “teri jengki”, and “teri nilon”. According to Ministerial Decree No. 32 Tahun 2010, Pulau Pasaran has been established as “minapolitan area”. Development of anchovy cluster industry in Pulau Pasaran based on strategic planning was decided by stakeholders and endorsed by Mayor Decree of Bandar Lampung No. 256/23/HK/2011. The objectives of this research were to analyze institutional frameworks, to evaluate influence and importance of stakeholders, to review efficiency and institutional design, and to evaluate alternative policy. This research used four methods that are institutional analysis, influence and importance analysis, transaction cost, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The result showed that institutional frameworks in Pulau Pasaran anchovy processing cluster industry development is facing conflict between processors with fishermen and intermediate users. Market efficiency has not been supported by strong supply chain system because of lack capacity of cluster industry stakeholders. The economics foundation of industry cluster pyramid has to be developed by improving management skill, increase of capital investment, and marketing capability. Transaction cost ratio showed that volume of production has not been influenced by transaction cost. AHP analysis suggests that group of processor capability in management should be developed as the first priority, followed by developing access of market, improving of financial support, trainning of processing technology, and developing infrastructure.