DNA Barcoding dan Analisis Filogenetik Ikan Hiu yang Didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Cilacap

Abstract

Indonesian waters are known to be lived by more than 75 species of shark. Most shark species are now being caught and traded for their body parts, including their fins, liver oil, meat, bones, skin, and eyes. However, trade data on shark in Indonesia is very lack. The identification of a shark fin to species level is very problematic, as morphologically similar species and specimens, which are poorly preserved or have had key diagnostic features removed, can be difficult to identify. Therefore this research was conducted to identify shark species being traded in Cilacap fisheries port, to confirm their conservation status with IUCN redlist and to determine their phylogenetic relationship. The PCR using COI (Cytochrome Oxidase I) was successfully amplified for 32 samples. A total of 10 spesies was identified and 6 clusters of different shark family was revealed. These identified shark were categorized in three IUCN conservation status : vulnerable status (Sphyrna zygaena, Alopias superciliosus, Carcharhinus obscurus, Isurus paucus, and Isurus oxyrinchus), near threatened status (Pseudocarcharias kamoharai, Carcharhinus falciformis, Prionace glauca, and Squalus hemipinnis) and one species in endangered status (Sphyrna lewini). The identification result is important to help government to build shark conservation and trading policy.