Dampak Kualitas Perairan Hubungannya terhadap Risiko Kesehatan di Perairan Donan, Cilacap-Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Industrial waste waters will reduce the quality of water since some industry use the river as a waste disposal site and transport the waste into sea waters. Donan estuary has evolved into a new growth center because this area has been used as an industrial hub, the port area, transport and fisheries. Waste waters from natural or anthropogenic activities around Donan river is suggested as the pollution trigger. Large industrial waste producers located in the Donan waters are the oil and gas industry, fertilizer bagging unit, cement mills, workshops shipping, oil mills, industrial refined sugar. Waste generated from these activities has been discharged into the river before transporting into the sea in the form of solid waste, wastewater, and gas. This raises a strong presumption that Donan has been polluted. The purpose of this study are (1) Determine the water quality and heavy metal concentrations of Pb and Cd in water, sediment and P. Erosa in Donan waters (2) Know the status of pollution, pollution load, and the assimilation capacity of Donan waters, (3) Perform a risk analysis of the effects of Pb and Cd pollution on health and risk management of Donan waters pollution control. Research is done by field surveys, direct examination of samples in the field and laboratory, and interviews with parties related to the Donan waters. Observations were made at six stations before industrial activity which head to the estuary area of Segara Anakan. Research was conducted eksitu and insitu by comparing the quality standard based on Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. The amount of pollutant loads, pollutant index, health risks were determined using the established approaches. The result indicates that the quality of Donan river based on pollution index method medium polluted on station 2,4,6 and mild polluted at the station 1,3,5. The average of tested parameters exceeded the quality standards stipulated by Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 on water quality class II. Pollution load is calculated based on the parameters of TSS, BOD, COD, Pb, and Cd both in the high tide and low tide conditions, the average COD value of the highest pollutant load per day is 225 tons/day and TSS is 92 tons / day.the pollutant load which entering into the Donan river exceeded its assimilation capacity for the tested parameter. Pb and Cd in the contained intake in water, sediment and selfish in study area were in the level of risk > 1 that means very high risk for human health. It is shown that the level of risk in water, sediment, and selfish is great therefore it is needed to reduce the contact time by reducing the daily or annual exposure time.