Pengaruh Kebijakan Dalam Upaya Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Terhadap Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca

Abstract

Global warming and climate change occurs due to an increasing of concentrations of greenhouse gases. Indonesian forest fires and land policy has not been able to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, so that condition will have an impact to global warming and climate change. The main question about government's decision regarding this matter are effectiveness of the policies. The purpose of this study is 1) to reviewing presence the government’s decision in reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GGE) in the period 2005-2012 that accompanied the policy control of forest fire and land; 2) The government's commitment to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GGE) due to fire forest and land. Primary and secondary data was used in this study. Primary data obtained by interviews, while secondary data obtained by desk study of Ministry of Forestry and the Ministry of Environment documents. Secondary data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. In this study also conducted statistical tests, which is correlation test, to determine the correlation between forest hotspot and the amount of forest fires. Correlation between hotspot with the amount of forest fires in Indonesia by year 2010-2012 was 51.03%, while in 11 Indonesian province namely, Sumatera Utara, Riau, Kepulauan Riau, Jambi, Sumatera Selatan, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Sulawesi Barat of 61.25%. The correlation test shows a positive correlation between hotspots with widespread forest fires. Secondary data analysis of the results showed that the government's commitment to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from forest fires is counterproductive. It shows that the trends of hotspot in Indonesia was increased by year 2010-2012. The increasing of hotspot resulted to the amount of forest fire. These fact lead the increasing greenhouse gas emissions amount released into the atmosphere. This means that the government policies implementation does not reach the objectives. This study are expected to provide a solution for of forest fire policy problems, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions programs through Indonesian government policies.