Perlakuan Benih dan Perendaman Akar Bibit dengan Agens Hayati untuk Mengendalikan Serangan Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae serta Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi di Rumah Kaca

Abstract

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causing bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice is a seed-borne pathogen, could reduce yield by 60%. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed treatment and root dipping on BLB incidence and vegetative growth of rice plant in the greenhouse. The experiment was arranged in a split plot-randomized complete block with four replications. The main plots were seed treatments (6 levels) and the subplots were root dipping (8 levels). Matriconditioning was conducted using burned rice hull 30 mesh as carrier or media with ratio of seed:carrier:solution of bactericide or biological agents = 1:0.8:1.2 (g:g:ml) at 25 0C for 30 h. Root dipping was conducted for 1 h. The results showed that seed treatment with matriconditioning + Pseudomonas diminuta A6 + Bacillus subtilis 5/B improved seed germination, vigor index, germination rate, and reduced the BLB incidence. Matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis was able to increase plant height without root dipping treatment. However, the seed treatment should be followed by root dipping on 3 week-old seedling in order to increase plant dry weight. Seed treatment using matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis and followed by root dipping with P. diminuta + B. subtilis (106 cfu/ml) effectively and efficiently increased plant dry weight. Seed treatment with matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis or root dipping with P. diminuta + B. subtilis (106 cfu/ml) produced the highest number of tillers up to 4 weeks after transplanting. Severities of BLB up to 4 weeks after transplanting was low (1.7%-2.5%). Seed treatment using matriconditioning + 0.2% bactericide or roots dipping with P. diminuta + B. subtilis (108 cfu/ml) reduced the BLB incidence effectively at vegetative phase.