Perkecambahan Embrio Endospermik Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) Varietas Arumanis Klon 143 secara In Vitro

Abstract

This study aimed to obtain the optimal medium for germination of endospermical embryos in mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv Arumanis clone 143. The effect of cold treatment and GA3 treatment had no significant difference in endospermical embryos germination. In the first experiment, embryos with 8 days cold treatment 83.3% of cotiledonary embryos produced the secondary proembryos with 33 secondary embryos. In the second experiment, the highest percentage of secondary proembryos (83.3%) we obtain in MS medium with 5 μM GA3. In the third experiment, the solid MS medium with 5 mg/l BA produced 80 secondary embryos, highest than in liquid medium with the similar composition, and 6.7% of that embryos germinated on solid medium. In the fourth experiment, the embryo medium induction has significant difference effect in embryo which produced by inoculum, whereas preculture medium had no significant difference effect. Inoculum from MS medium with 10 μM GA3 and cultured on PM preculture medium (MS medium with 5 mg/l 2,4-D, 5 mg/l GA3, 400 mg/l amino acid glutamine, 300 mg/l thrypton and 200 ml/l coconut water) produced embryo at 25.67 in 7 MST. The highest percentage of germinated embryos (32.4%) produced by inoculum from medium containing MS halfstrength major and minor nutrients with 5% coconut water, and then cultured on PM preculture medium.