Dampak Perluasan Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango terhadap Strategi Nafkah Rumahtangga Petani Desa Ciputri

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze land tenure situations at Ciputri Village before and after the expansion of Gunung Gede and Pangrango National Park; and to analyse the impact of national park expansionto the farmer’s livelihood strategy. The research applied a quantitative approach supported by qualitative data. Quantitative data obtained through structured questionnaires to 30 household’s repondents. The qualitative approach applied observation instrument, in-depth interviews, and secondary document collections. The results are, first, the expansion of TNGGP significantly change the tenurial structure of Ciputri’s farmers. Before the expansion, all farmers’ respondents operate land at a minimum of 2,000 m2 of land. However, after the expansion, most of the farmers or 21 out of 30 respondent fall into landless farmers (or tuna kisma). Second, the land tenure changes,furthermore, affect significantly the livelihood strategy of the farmers’ respondent. Before the expansion of TNGGP, the livelihood of all respondent are only on agriculture as farmer operator. However, after the expansion, the livelihood of the farmers changes dramatically. As much as 22 out of 30 respondent engage in two jobs for their livelihood such as work as daily farm labor and various daily service work. The others, 6 respondent, engage in three to four jobs for their livelihood such as work as daily farm labor, smallholder farmers, and various type of daily service work in the village.