Tendensi konvergensi ekonomi wilayah dan peran kelautan dalam perekonomian Indonesia
The tendency of regional economic convergence and the role of marine in the Indonesian economy
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Date
2013Author
Tajerin
Fauzi, Akhmad
Juanda, Bambang
Adrianto, Luky
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The purposes of this research were: (1). Acquiring information about economic disparity and estimating the tendency of economic convergence, as well as estimating the determinants for the Indonesian regional economic growth; (2) Analyzing the role of Marine sectors in the regional economy in Indonesia; (3). Analyzing the impacts of both Marine sectors and spatial economic development – through changes in the value of final demands’ components – towards the economy and disparity changes or the tendency of regional economic convergence. The research was focused on Indonesian provincial regions and its main islands, with three analysis approaches, such as Theil’s Index, Panel Data Econometric Model, and Interregional Input-Output (IRIO) Model. The data used were secondary data, comprised of a 1985-2010 Panel Data and a 2005 and 2010 Indonesian IRIO Table. The analysis resulted in the findings that, during the 1985-2010 periods, the Indonesian economic disparities between provinces were considered low with a greater composition of source from within the regions than from among the main islands. The tendency of convergence within both provincial and main-islands economy – during 1985-2010 period – did happen with a slow pace. The model also showed that the tendency of convergence could be accelerated by controlling the economic-growthdetermining variables.The marine sectors had a major role in the Indonesian regional economyas shown by its high degree of linkage and multipliers, as well as its positive marine share role in stimulating growth and the pace of regional economic convergence. From the sectors point of view, the policy of increasing the final demands components from every region would lead to better economic performance, and higher tendency of overall regional economic convergence. Spatially, the aforementioned policy would potentially keep the pace of growth of the national economy. Relatively, focusing the economic activities towards increasing final demands for marine outputs within the Eastern Regions of Indonesia would slow the national economic growth down, but lessen the disparity problem – or increasing the regional economic convergence. Therefore, it would require disparity-lessening or regional-economic-convergenceincreasing policies with an emphasis on the role of marine sectors in Indonesia which could be paired with the efforts of strengthening the interrelation or connectivity that would create both sectoral and spatial economic interdependencies among regions in Indonesia. The commitment of focusing the economic activities towards the Eastern Regions of Indonesia –including the marine sectors – would also require the implementation of an economic-growth-steadying policy.