Daun Ki Pahit (Tithonia diversifolia) sebagai Sumber Antibakteri dan Antioksidan

Abstract

Antibacterial and antioxidant analysis have been assayed on extracts and essential oil of ki pahit leaves (Tithonia diversifolia). The antibacterial activity was tested toward Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, and the antioxidant activity was assayed toward 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The most active extract was the residual methanol extract with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against S. aureus and S. epidermidis were 1.00 and 2.00 mg/mL, respectively, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value >2.00 mg/mL, and the inhibition of 50% DPPH, IC50 was 27.88 μg/mL. The residual methanol extract was fractionated using column chromatography to obtain 13 fractions. F1 was the most active fraction with MIC values against S. aureus and S. epidermidis with 0.25 and 1.00 mg/L and MBC values were 0.50 and 2.00 mg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of the antioxidant was 22.88 μg/mL. The F1 fraction was further fractionated by thin layer chromatography to obtain 11 fractions. The F1.2 fraction was the most active fraction as indicated by inhibition the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis that of 0.25 and 0.50 mg/mL and indicated by killing the bacteria that of 0.50 and 2.00 mg/ml, respectively, and 50% DPPH that could inhibit was 30.94 μg/mL. Based on identification using ultraviolet-visible and fourier transform infrared spectrophotometers, the active compound was indicated to be in auron group.