The potency of Trichoderma spp. as biological agent in controling Ganoderma sp. atacking sengon plant.

Abstract

Sengon (Falcataria mollucana) is one of the forestry plant that widely developed by the community of Indonesia farmers especially in Java Island. Nowadays, sengon is widely planted with a monoculture system, therefore emerging many serious problems in silvi-culture. One of the serious problems was attacked by the pathogenic fungi, Ganoderma sp., which mainly caused root rot diseases. This research was aimed to investigate the ability of Trichoderma spp. in controlling the in vitro growth of Ganoderma sp. and to evaluate the capability of T. harzianum in inhibiting the growth of Ganoderma sp. on sengon timber substrate at greenhouse. This research was carried out in three experimental stages as follow: stage 1: study the growth activity of Ganoderma sp.; stage 2: study the inhibition activity of Trichoderma spp. towards the growth of Ganoderma sp. and stage 3: control the growth of Ganoderma sp. on Sengon timber substrate at greenhouse. Our results showed that the growth rate of Ganoderma sp. was expert on PDA and MEA medium each 12 days and 14 days incubation, respectively. Afterwards, the petridish was full of the Ganoderma sp. mycelium after 14 days incubation. In this study, the average value of the growth of Ganoderma sp. on PDA medium (7.09 mm day-1) was significantly differs to the growth of Ganoderma sp. on MEA medium (5.41 mm day-1). Besides of that, the fastest growth of Trichoderma spp. was shown by T. pseudokoningii such as 38.14 mm day-1 and significantly differs to T. viride, 27.71 mm day-1 and T. harzianum, 26.31 mm day-1. Based on antagonistic test, T. harzianum exhibited the best inhibition to Ganoderma sp. on PDA medium up to 74.19% and significantly differ to T. pseudokoningii 59.37% and T. viride 41.36%. Similarly on MEA medium treatment T. harzianum exhibited the best inhibition to Ganoderma sp. up to 73.00% and significantly differ to T. pseudokoningii 60.22% and T. viride 51.58%. The inhibition growth of Ganoderma sp. on sengon timber substrate at greenhouse showed that after 1 week, there was a decreasing growth of Ganoderma sp. mycelium when the sengon timber was submerged (Xt1) and obtained the highest value of inhibition up to 1.12 cm on sterile soil treatment + T. harzianum, whilst on sterile soil treatment without T. harzianum, there was an increasing growth of Ganoderma sp. mycelium up to 0.67 cm. Likewise, after 2 weeks of sengon timber submersion (Xt2) on sterile soil treatment + T. harzianum there was a decreasing growth of Ganoderma’s mycelium up to 2.41 cm, whereas on sterile soil treatment without T. harzianum, there was an increasing growth of Ganoderma sp. mycelium up to 1.22 cm.