The evaluation use coconut leaves substrates with different area to increase media quality and production of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus base on periphyton.
Abstract
Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is one of the superior products in aquaculture production. Periphyton can be consumed or utilized by microorganisms in the aquaculture and improve the water quality. Therefore, perifiton can improve the all system efficiently. This study aims to analyze the productivity, to assimilate the N and P by periphyton on coconut leaf substrate, evaluate the performance of the periphyton on coconut leaf substrate in improving the tilapia’s media quality and production, and determine the extent of the coconut leaf substrate that produces a maximum output performance. The experiment was conducted in the fisheries of IPB Diploma Program, for 3 months with a two-stage study. Phase 1 study used 3 pieces 3 m x 1.5 m x 1 m tubs equipped by 1.5 m x 1 m x 1 m net. Tilapias were stocked as many as 100 tails per tub. 6 (six) substrates in the form of 40 cm x 30 cm woven palm leaves were placed vertically. Phase 2 study used 12 tubs. The extensive treatment of coconut leaf substrate became a study treatment comprising of control tub without substrate (A), tub with 0.72 m2 substrate (B), tub with 1.44 m2 substrate (C) and tub with 2.16 m2 substrate (D). 300 tails of tilapia were stocked in each treatment. In the phase 1 study, the increase of periphyton biomass in basin 1 until the end of the study was 0.8 g/m2 per day. The process of Periphyton formation in waters was strongly influenced by sunlight, organic matter and nitrification process from waters. Proximate analysis results of 41.72% protein periphyton makes periphyton to be one of very good natural food sources. Constituent species composition of periphyton on of coconut leaf substrate is dominated by 1617.12 ind/L Chlorophyceae, 568.8 ind/L Cyanophyceae, 190.08 ind/L Bacillriophyceae, 24.48 ind/L Euglenophyceae much as, and 28.8 ind/L rotifers. The magnitude of Chlorophyceae indicates that the bacterial/organisms periphyton constituent are autotrophic, it is supported by the results of a chlorophyll of 30.08%. Phase 2 study generated the daily growth rate, survival, feed conversion ratio, protein retention and fish productivity which statistically significantly different (P <0.05). Fish biomass treatment A (0) is 11.67 kg, treatment B (0.72 m2) is 11.98 kg, treatment C (1.44 m2) is 13.76 kg, and treatment D (2.16 m2) is 14.58 kg. The amount of fish biomass in treatment D (2.16 m2) increases the lowest feed conversion value. Coconut leaf substrate can produce periphyton with a dry average weight of 34.41 g/m2, with the ability to assimilate N of 5.5%/m2 and P of 12.67%/m2. It is also able to maintain a constant low and appropriate ammonia for tilapia’s life and able to increase the production by five times of the initial biomass. The best extent of coconut leaf substrate to produce the red tilapia production is 2.16 m2.
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- MT - Fisheries [3007]