Ekstrak Sarang Semut (Hydnophytum formicarum) dan Potensinya sebagai Antihiperglikemik

Abstract

Sarang semut (Hydnophytum formicarum) as an epiphyte of mangrove plant from Papua is increasingly popular to be used as antidiabetic medicine. Inhibition of α-glucosidase is one of mechanism of actions of an oral antidiabetic for diabetes mellitus treatment. The purpose of this research was to determine the antihyperglycemic activity of the sarang semut extract as α-glucosidase inhibitor. The research was performed in several steps: extraction of tuber of sarang semut, phytochemical test, α-glucosidase inhibition test, toxicity test using BSLT method. The phytochemical test indicated that methanol extract contained phenol and flavonoid, and water extract contained phenol, flavonoid, and tannin. Flavonoid concentration of methanol and water extracts were 0.559% (b/b) and 0.585% (b/b). Methanol extract inhibited α-glucosidase activity up to 98.55%, while water extract up to 9.37%. LC50 value of methanol extract was 735.02 ppm (categorized as a low toxic material), and water extract was 258166.58 ppm (as non toxic material).