Minyak Nilam sebagai Biofungisida untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler & Bisby) pada Buah Cabai

Abstract

Anthracnose is one of the caused of low chili productivity in Indonesian its caused by C. capsici. Much farmer using a fungicide as a controlling. Using of fungicide with uncontrolled could have a negative impact on the environment. The aim of this study is to test the potential of patchouli oil as fungicide in suppresses the growth of C. capsici causes anthracnose disease on chili. In this study conducted the isolation and purification of C. capsici, test in vitro by isolates C. capsici grown on PDA mixed with patchouli oil (A and B) with a concentration of 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, and 0.625% done separately, isolates of C. capsici grown on PDA medium as a negative control (Kn) and PDA media mixed with fungicides mankozeb as a positive control (Kp). Initial diameter isolates C. capsici is 7 mm. The measured variable is growth of colonies of C. capsici and percentage inhibition of colony growth of C. capsici. The results showed that patchouli oil A effectively significant suppresed C. capsici growth compare to patchouli oil B at 10 HSP in 91.15% at each concentration except were concentration of 0.625% with inhibitory ability of 85.92%. The patchouli oil A with a concentration of 2.5% used in the in vivo test. The in vivo test was applicated of patchouli oil in chilies with preventive, curative, and resistance induction. Variables which measured are the incubation period and intensity disease. The results showed an incubation period on curative test was 8 HSI, preventive and induction of resistant test was 5 HSI, while the intensity of the attacks C. capsici at 10 HSI at test curative 4.80%, preventive 23.20%, and resistance induction 29.60%, compared with Kp 29.60% and Kn 68.80%.