Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Migrasi Internal di Indonesia Sebelum dan Setelah Otonomi Daerah

Abstract

Migration is a phenomenon that occurs due to regional disparities. Many of the factors drive a person to do the migration, such as the economic growth in the region and the availability of jobs. Migration flows in Indonesia tend to be concentrated in high-income areas, while the unemployment rate is also high in the area, such as DKI Jakarta, West Java, and some other provinces. One effort to reduce the amount of migration is to perform regional autonomy. This regional autonomy provides an opportunity for each region to build their own country, which is expected to overcome regional disparities. This study aims to analyze the factors that push and pull factors affecting internal migration in Indonesia before and after the regional autonomy. The method used is the econometric model with panel data. The estimation of the model showed that variables were analyzed, namely GDP per capita, minimum wages, and population of secondary and higher education graduates, positively influence migration. Meanwhile, unemployment and dummy of regional autonomy negatively influence migration. Based on the estimation of the model, regional autonomy can reduce the amount of migration.