Bioaktivitas Biji Mahoni Berdaun Lebar (Swietenia macrophylla) sebagai Antikanker

Abstract

There are three species of mahogany in Indonesia, namely small-leaf mahogany (Swietenia mahogany), broad-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), and Swietenia sp. This study aimed to study the toxicity of bioactive compounds in fractions of ethyl acetate extract from broad-leaf mahogany seeds, which is potencial as anticancer, by using brine shrimp lethality test. The seeds were ground into powder and air-dried. The powder was then soxhletized with nhexane. The residue was macerated in 96% ethanol. The ethanol extract was evaporated and then extracted by using liquid-liquid extraction with 1:1 ethyl acetate-water. The ethyl acetate extract yield was 5.7% (w/w). The ethyl acetate extract was further fractionated by using column chromatography with gradien elution with chloroform and ethyl acetate. Four fractions were obtained with fraction 1 (Rf = 0.95 in 1:1 chloroform-ethyl acetate eluent) was the most active fraction with LC50 of 35.46 ppm and 12% (w/w) yield. This result showed that fraction 1 was potencial as anticancer. Phytochemical test of fraction 1 gave positive results for alkaloids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins.