Sintesis dan Pencirian Hidroksiapatit dari Limbah Cangkang Kerang Hijau dengan Metode Kering

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a calcium phosphate biomaterial utilized in medicine as bone implant and dental fillings. HAp has been synthesized from green mussel shells with dry method. Calcination of green mussel shells at 1100 oC for 18 hours produced CaO with 97.83% crystallinity. Contact of CaO with the air for a night produced Ca(OH)2 with 85.45% crystallinity. Heating of CaO and Ca(OH)2 as the starting materials at 900 and 1100 °C for 2 hours produced HAp as characterized by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The best HAp result was obtained from CaO material. The XRD diffractogram showed the formation of HAp phase accompanied by other calcium phosphate phase at 2θ angles matched with Joint Crystal Powder Diffraction Standard data. The FTIR spectra showed the presence of PO4 3– and OH– groups of the HAp and the SEM picture showed homogenous HAp crystal granule size. With additional treatments, the HAp pore size can be adjusted to be applied as bone implant or dental fillings.