Kontribusi Pemanfaatan Mangrove terhadap Pendapatan Perempuan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Rungkut, Kota Surabaya

Abstract

Mangrove is not only utilized for the recreation purposes that presented the aesthetics of nature but also can be utilizing as a raw materials for foods, liquid soaps, and even batik’s dye. The involvement of women in the mangrove utilization activities provide opportunities to female to do a number of roles.This research aims to describe the condition of mangroves, the products from mangroves utilization, the role of female in magroves utilization’s and its contribution to the household income. This research was conducted with purpossive sampling method for 34 respondents with the composition of male and female respondents is 1:33. The research showed that Pamurbaya has many kind of flora and fauna. The dominant mangrove’s species are Avicennia sp., Bruguiera sp., Rhizopora sp., Sonneratia sp., dan Xylocarpus sp. Fauna species most commonly found is Crustaseae and long-tailed monkeys. There are many kinds of mangrove’s products, including food products such as tempe, syrup, fresh drinks, breads, pastries, flour, crackers, chips, candy and instant noodles, the soap products such as hand soap, shampoo, batik cloth washing soap, and floor cleaning soap. The other products are mangrove batik, embroidery and embroidered veil. Average of of female's time allocations in mangrove utilizations work is about 4.5 hours / day. This suggests that female is not only doing a domestic role but also a productive role. The largest female’s economic contribution for the household income is 32.4% , that value is still less than the male’s economics contribution, its because male spent their time for the productive work twice higher than female’s. In the household decision-making, this research obtained 45.3% domestic decisions are taken by female and only about 2.4% by male. This illustrates that females have major role in the household (domestic) sector.