Pengaruh Penangkapan Ikan terhadap Komposisi Tingkat Trofik (Trophic Level) di Kepulauan Seribu

Abstract

Trophic level is a structure of organism in food chain. The using both selective or non selective fishing gears has potential effects on the food chain. Thus, the important question is whether the caught at a certain trophic level relate to the used fishing gears. The study aimed: (1) to describe the status of fisheries in Seribu Islands; (2) to determine the composition of caught based on fishing gear types; and (3) to identify the potential impacts on ecosystem. The result of this study showed that the major fishing gears in Seribu Islands were seine net, muroami, gill net, hook and line as well as „bubu tambun‟ (trap). Most of the catch in the study area were redbelly yellowtail fusilier and goldlined spinefoot; the average length were 19 ± 4,0 cm and 22,4 ± 1,5 cm respectively. Further more, the average weight were redbelly yellowtail fusilier (110,6 ± 103,7 gr) and goldlined spinefoot (163,6 ± 58,5 gr). Majority, trophic level of catch was carnivores which prey the smaller fish and cephalopods (TL5: 4.0 – 4.5) e.g. frigate mackerel. This study has indicated that there was an impact of fishing on the ecosystem, particularly the balance of the food chain.