Pengaruh El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dan Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) terhadap Produktivitas Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

The influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) to the productivity of palm oil can be investigated from Sea Surface Temperature anomalies (SSTa), it used cross-correlation analysis (the temporal) and Pearson correlation (the spatial) with α=0.05. Temporal correlation analysis shows that Kebun Kertajaya has the highest correlation at determination of sex ratio phase (lag 17) with a value of 0.37, and Kebun Pino Talo at anthesis phase (lag 6) with a correlation value of -0.53. Spatial correlation analysis shows a strong negative correlation of the productivity of Kebun Kertajaya and Kebun Talo Pino with SSTa on the inflorescence initiation phase and the sex determination respectively. While at the development of flower phase both plantations a positive relationship. Either positive or negative strong correlation in both plantations that has monsoonal rainfall patterns indicate that the ENSO and IOD affect the development of flower and the productivity of palm oil. Meanwhile, the Kebun Sungai Aur that has the equatorial rainfall pattern, did not show a strong relationship between the productivity of palm oil and SSTa, both temporally and spatially. Thus the phenomenon of ENSO and IOD do not have a significant effect on the Kebun Sungai Aur.