Struktur Genetik dan Filogenetik Ikan Tuna (Thunnus spp.) di TPI Tanjung Luar, Lombok Berdasarkan DNA Mitokondria

Abstract

Tuna is the third largest fishery commodities in Indonesia after shrimp and demersal fish. Identification of tuna has been difficult because of the close genetic relationships among these species and the ease with which morphological characters may be removed once a fish has been landed. This research aims to identify species, investigate the genetic and phylogenetic structure of tuna that landed and traded in Tanjung Luar fish market, Lombok. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify segment of the mitochondrial control region gene from members of these species. 43 samples fins tuna were collected consists of 34 Thunus albacares and 9 Thunus obesus, with homology analysis of BLAST ranged between 98-100%. The average of sequence was 533 bp and there were 30 nucleotides different. Phylogenetic trees forming two clades, Thunus albacares and Thunus obesus, with genetic distance ranged from 0 to 0,145. The clades revealed after bootstrapping generally corresponded well with expectations. This methodology should prove very useful for enforcing the regulations governing Indonesia's bluefin tuna fishing industry.