Keanekaragaman Spesies Rayap dan Bakteri Simbionnya: Studi Kasus di Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor

Abstract

As tropical country, Indonesia is very rich with biodiversity. Termite species diversity is quite high in this country, i.e around 200 spesies compared to 2000 spesies for the whole world. Since termites must have a symbioses with microbes to digest cellulose, so spesies diversity of those microbes must be correlated with termites spesies diversity. The objective of this research was to inventory spesies diversity of termites and their bacterial symbiont in Campus IPB Dramaga. Termites were collected through observation station installed in the ground and transect 10 m x 10 m which were set in Campus IPB Dramaga area. Symbiont microbes were extracted from proctodeum of each termites spesies with serial dilution technique and staining on culture media. Bacteria kolonied and characterized by Gram and morphology. The results showed that 4 species of termites belong to family Termitidae (Macrotermes gilvus, Capritermes mohri, Odontotermes javanicus, and Microtermes insperatus) and 2 species belong to family Rhinotermitidae (Coptotermes curvignathus and Schedorhinotermes javanicus) were founds. Symbiont bacteria extracted from proctodeum of those termites consist of 34 isolates from Termitidae and 9 isolates from Rhinotermitidae based on Gram and morphological characteristic.