Risk Factor for Stunting among 0-23 Month Old Children in Bali, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces

Abstract

Early stunting is critical largely because it increases risk of severe, persistent stunting and later deficits in cognitive ability The purpose of this study was to asses the prevalence and the risk factors of stunting among 0-23 month old children in Bali, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara. The data was gathered from Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Basic Health Research) 2010, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Bali, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) were selected because they are categorized as having mild, moderate and severe levels of stunting among children aged less than five years respectively. A total of 1554 children aged 0-23 months were selected in the analysis. Prevalence of stunting in Bali, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara was 35.9%, 31.4% and 45.0%, respectively. Chi-square test revealed that there are positive and significant associations between low birth weight (p=0.044), poor sanitation (p=0.003), paternal smoking in the home (p=0.004), low level of maternal (p=0.000) and paternal (p=0.015) education, low income (p=0.047) and mother’s height less than 150 cm (p=0.000) with stunting among 0-23 month old children in Bali, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara. Regression logistic was applied to analyze risk factors for stunting. The risk factors for stunted children were low birth weight (OR= 2.21, 95%CI= 1.006- 4.860), mother’s height less than 150 cm (OR= 1.77, 95%CI= 1.205-2.594), poor sanitation (OR= 1.46, 95%CI= 1.010-2.126) and prelacteal feeding (OR= 1.47, 95%CI= 1.000-2.154).