Pola Pergerakan Harian Katak Pohon Jawa (Rhacophorus margaritifer) Dengan Menggunakan Metode Radio Tracking di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
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Date
2013Author
Siregar, Benny Aladin
Kusrini, Mirza Dikari
Mulyani, Yeni Aryati
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One of the method to obtain information about animal movement is by using radio tracking. Radio tracking method for research on frog movement never been done in Indonesia although there wereprevious research about pattern of daily movement of amphibian in Indonesia using non-radio tracking method.The objectives of the research are 1) to describe the pattern of daily movement of Javan tree frog Rhacophorus margaritifer using radio tracking method in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, 2) to assess the impact of radio transmitter installation on mass and behaviour of frog, and 3) to describe spatial use of Javan tree frog Rhacophorus margaritifer in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. The research was carried out in Mei – September 2011 along the track of Panyangcangan post to Curug Tiga Cibereum (± 0,6 Km), Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park that lies in 1500 – 1650 m above sea level. Data on movement of each frog were collected for every 12 hours for 8 days (192 hours). Number of R.margaritifer observed was 11 frogs, consisted of 8 males and 3 females. Each frogs was installed with a transmitter weighed approximately 10% from total mass of male frog and 5% from mass of female frog. Frogs were observed for each activities in each location and analysis descriptively. Quantitative analysis of individual movement of R. margaritifer are measured by calculated of the length of movement and straightness index value. All R. margaritifer observed, moved horizontally and vertically. The farthest vertical movement from the ground is 7,93 m and the farthest horizontal movement is 15,71 m. The highest score of both vertical and horizontal movements is obtained by females. The result of chi quadrat analysis for straightness index showed that male and female individuals tend to move away from observation starting point . There is no significant difference of horizontal movement from water body between male and female frog, even though male frogs tend to move away from water body much farther than female frogs. The highest vertical movement from water body is 9,3 m and horizontal movement is 13,92 m. The farthest horizontal position is 13,92 m and vertical position is 9,30 m from water body. There is no significant difference between male and female frogs in position from water body. Most male frog has a higer lenght of horizontal movement compared to female. Male and female frogs tend move jhorizontally in random. Frogs move along river body dominated by tepus (Etlingera solaris) plant. The average movement of female frog is 25,34 m and 34,35 m for male frog. The longest distance was done by female frog number 1 (49,83 m) and the shortest male frog number 6 (8,35 m). The use of radio transmitter in frog tends to reduce frog weight with average of 9,75% weight loss for each individual of R margaritifer. Weight loss occured in female individual of R. Margartifer 1 and 2, and also male 3,4,5,6,7 and 8. And the other side, weight gain occured in male frog 1 and 2 which gained weight 11% and 4,8%. The highest score in weight loss is 1.5 gram (28,57% of weight body) in male frog 3. Substrat most widely used by male frogs is banana leaf in the afternoon (31%) and in the night 54%. Substrat least used are water (3% in the afternoon) and dried leaf (3% in the night). Female frogs used different substrates from male frogs, in the afternoon mostly in tepus leaf (35%) and in the night in the banana leaf (29%). Micro habitat of the javanase treefrogs can not be separeted with its environment temperature factor. Based on observation for 25 days around Cibereum waterfall, during May – June the temperature and relative humidity (RH) fluctuated with supersaturated RH range 103,5 – 105,5 of RH.