Pengujian Ketahanan Alami Kayu Sengon terhadap Jamur Pelapuk Kayu Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus djamor dan Pleurotus ostreatus dengan Metode JIS K 1571-2004

Abstract

Fungi is an organism heterotroft that obtains energy by absorbing food from other organic materials, one of which is wood. Wood destroying fungi lives off wood components, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which are biochemically overhauled with the help of enzymes. Well know wood in the trade to date approximately 400 types. Around 80–85% of Indonesian woods had low resistance class which it’s very easy attacked by wood decay fungi. For instance Falcatria molucana, Acacia mangium dan Pinus merkusii (Yunasfi 2008). Kinds of it which potentially most decaying off the woods are Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor. This study aims to determine the potential that three kinds on wood decay fungi and the potential quality of wood to three decay fungi based on JIS K 1571-2004 method. The results showed that all three types of wood rot fungi used in this test has the potential to lower the weight of the wood sample. Fungi are the most potent in lowering weight sengon is S. commune with the percentage reduction in timber weight by 3,7%. P. ostreatus and P. djamor only have the potential to decrease the weight of each of 1,5 and 1,1%. Fungi significantly affect the percentage reduction in timber weight, the percentage weight loss of wood obtained from the results of laboratory tests the durability of wood used as a parameter. From these results it sengon wood into class II (resistant), while according to the Seng (1990) sengon wood balance to class IV–V (not resistance) so it can be said that this research has not succeeded. Discrepancy value of the percentage reduction in weight of wood sample with literature, because they suspected the existence of fungal hyphae into the sample wood so that hamper the final weight after the test sample is fed finished. Based on visual observations indicate multiple replication miselliums of fungi not full to close the wood. Ganerally the sample timber has been attacked fungal discoloration lighter (light brown). Its shows three types of fungi that is used is a white rot fungi