Transmission Potential of Malaria Falciparum in West Nusa Tenggara Using Vektorial Capacity Method

Abstract

Malaria falciparum is a vector borne disease that still exist in some area at West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB), even prevention malaria programs have been done by the government. This ressearch corelate climatic factor i.e air temperature and rainfall with incidence of malaria falciparum transmission. A surveillance has been conducted during March-Augustus 2009 in Kayangan Sub district, North Lombok district, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The objectives was to identify the vector and parasite bionomic which could be used as a baseline data for the implementation of malaria elimination programme and implementing the vektorial capacity method as a new concept on malaria outbreak prevention. The results of the surveillance on both transmission potential of malaria falciparum disease and population of parasite showed that the index of malaria falciparum transmission potential was higher through wet season rather than in dry season so falciparum infections. It was found for about 7 % in the wet season and for about 3% was found through dry season. Other significant results were human biting from malaria vectors. Anopheles sundaicus was high through wet seasons otherwise Anopheles subpictus was high through dry season. The occurrence of human biting Anopheles subpictus highest in July with outdoor Man Hour Density (MHD) index of 5.50 and Anopheles sundaicus in April with indoor Man Hour Density (MHD) index of 0.95. The epidemic potential of malaria falciparum in Lombok island predicted will longer than Sumbawa island.